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Executive Summary — ESRS Risk Assessment
ESRS E2 — Air Quality (Copernicus CAMS)
Copernicus CAMS EU reanalysis at 0.1° spatial resolution — EU validated data.
Chart shows the climatological monthly mean: the average value for each calendar month across the full selected data range. This reveals the seasonal pollution cycle at this site. Dashed lines show EU Air Quality Directive annual limit values.
ESRS E2 — Annual Mean Trend
Year-by-year annual mean concentrations — required for CSRD trend disclosure.
A declining trend indicates improving local air quality. An upward trend may require disclosure under ESRS E2 Disclosure Requirement E2-4 (Pollution to air).
ESRS E2 Context — Local Air Quality Baseline & EU Limits
Annual mean versus EU AQD limit values and WHO 2021 guidelines.
CSRD requires disclosure when annual means exceed EU Air Quality Directive limits. WHO 2021 guidelines are stricter and recommended as best-practice targets.
EU AQD limits: Directive 2008/50/EC as amended by Directive 2024/2881/EU. WHO guidelines: WHO Global Air Quality Guidelines 2021.
ESRS E1-9 §66 — Climate Risk (ERA5 Reanalysis)
Annual 2m-temperature anomaly relative to period baseline. Positive = warmer than average.
ESRS E1 Context — Regional Carbon Intensity
ODIAC 0.1° fossil fuel CO₂ emissions — 2020–2023 at site location.
Provides regional CO₂ emission context for ESRS E1-6 Scope 3 GHG disclosures. Data: Oda et al. (2018) ODIAC2024, NIES. Unit: gC/m²/month. Scale: 100 gC/m²/month = approx. 4.4 tCO₂/ha/yr.
ESRS E1 Context — Atmospheric GHG Fluxes
Copernicus CAMS CarbonTracker-EU inversion — monthly CO₂, CH₄ & N₂O surface fluxes at 1° global resolution, 2016–present.
Inversely modelled fluxes constrained by real atmospheric observations provide an independent cross-check of self-reported emissions. CO₂ unit: kgC/m²/month · CH₄ unit: kg/m²/s · N₂O unit: kgN/m²/month. Source: ECMWF CAMS Greenhouse Gas Inversions (CC BY 4.0).
NUTS3 Regional Benchmark
Site annual mean vs NUTS3 regional average — ESRS E2 context.
NUTS3 Regional Context (ESRS E1/E2/E4)
Land use composition, regional CO₂ emissions, health impacts and socioeconomic indicators for the NUTS3 region.
Sources: LUCAS Land Cover Survey (Eurostat CC BY); EDGAR v8.0 CO₂ emissions (JRC/EU CC BY); Eurostat regional statistics; Eurostat respiratory mortality SDR (hlth_cd_ysdr2).
Industrial Proximity (EEA E-PRTR)
EEA-registered facilities within 10 km. Self-reported annual emissions.
Source: European Environment Agency (E-PRTR). Licence: CC BY 4.0.
ESRS E3 — Water & Marine Resources (WRI Aqueduct 4.0)
Catchment-level water risk scores at the site location. Relevant for ESRS E3-1 §27 (material impacts on water) and E3-3 §38 (flood/drought risks).
Source: WRI Aqueduct 4.0 (2023). Scores: 1=Low, 2=Low-medium, 3=Medium-high, 4=High, 5=Extremely high. Licence: CC BY 4.0 — wri.org/aqueduct.
ESRS E4 — Biodiversity & Ecosystems (Natura 2000)
Proximity to EU Natura 2000 protected areas network (~28,000 sites covering ~20% of EU territory). Relevant for ESRS E4-2 §30 (sites, sensitive areas) and E4-5 §40 (material physical risks to biodiversity).
Source: European Environment Agency, Natura 2000 network (end2024 dataset). Licence: CC BY 4.0 — eea.europa.eu. Attribution: European Environment Agency, Natura 2000 network.